OBJECTIVES:
The aim/target a business works for is called an objective
BENEFITS:
Gives the workers a clear target so it increases their motivation
Decisions revolve around "will this help reach the objective?"
A clear objective unites the business towards the same goal
Managers can compare business' objectives to its performance to see if any goals are achieved
But what are the most common objectives found in private sector businesses?
SURVIVAL
New businesses are very likely to have this as their primary objective due to high competition and other profitable businesses in the market
To achieve survival, new businesses can lower their selling price to gain more customers. However, this can decrease their profit
PROFIT
It is needed to pay return to business owners for capital invested and the risk taken as well as providing finance for further business investment
RETURNS TO SHAREHOLDERS
Manager's objectives is to "increase returns to shareholders"
Returns are increased by increasing profits so that profit is paid to shareholders as dividends
GROWTH
Makes the worker's jobs more secure
Increases salary and status
Opens up new possibilities
Increases market share
Obtain cost advantage called economies of scale from business expansion
MARKET SHARE
Market share percentage calculation: company's sales/total sales x 100
Increase in market share leads to: good publicity and higher influence over suppliers and customers
SERVICE TO THE COMMUNITY
Social enterprise: operated by private individuals (private sector but doesn't aim for profit)
Objectives: social (providing jobs for the disadvantaged), environmental (protect the environment), or financial (make profit to invest back into enterprise to expand social work)
STAKEHOLDERS:
Any person or group that is interested in or directly affected by performance/activity of a business
They can be either internal or external stakeholders
INTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS:
They're groups that work for or own the business. They include:
Shareholder/owner: they're the risk takers and they invest capital to set up and expand. Objectives: shareholders have profit maximization and business growth
Workers: they're the people employed. objectives: Contract of employment, regular payment, job satisfaction, and job security
Managers: they're employees that control the work of others and make business decisions. Objectives: secure jobs, high salaries, and business growth
EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS:
They're groups outside the business. They include:
Customers: they purchase and invest in goods/services.
Objectives:
Price that reflects quality
Get a product that's safe and and reliable
Product that is well designed
Government: protect workers and customers from business activities.
Objectives:
Wanting the business to succeed to increase business output, employment, and government revenue
Banks: they provide financial help.
Objective:
Business liquidity to repay the amount of money lent
Community: has all the stakeholder groups.
Objectives:
They want the business to offer jobs and employ local employees
Avoid harming the environment
Become socially responsible
It is important to note that conflicts can occur since stakeholders don't have the same interests
Objectives of public sector include: financial, service, and social.
Credit for the images: from "Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Business Studies 5th edition (Karen Borrington Peter Stimpson)"